Actual Problems of Psychology in Educational Institutions

Psychological aspect use of interactive learning technologies of students in the organization of project activities in the conditions of distance education

2023-05-28T23:25:19+03:00

The article reveals the peculiarities of using technologies for
interactive learning of students in the organization of project activities.
The role and place of the project method in the conditions of distance
education is analyzed. Examples of interactive technologies from the
positive experience of their implementation in project activities are offered.
The psychological content of the use of interactive technologies in the
teacher’s project activity in the lesson is revealed. Emphasis is placed on
the psychological features of the use of interactive learning technologies in
the format of subject-subject interaction between teachers and students in
a distance learning format. The pros and cons of using interactive learning
technologies in organizing project activities are outlined.

The teacher’s management of feedback in the educational process learning process

2023-05-28T23:37:06+03:00

У статтi запропоновано огляд пiдходiв i моделей зворотного
зв’язку в освiтньому процесi, визначено загальнi властивостi
ефективного фiдбеку, розглянуто особливостi управлiння вчителем
зворотним зв’язком. Узагальнено докази впливу фiдбеку на навчання
й успiшнiсть учнiв, зокрема з’ясовано, що похвала на особистiсному
рiвнi як рiзновид фiдбеку є неефективною. Типiзовано види фiдбеку
за рiзними критерiями, зокрема, за джерелом виникнення, формою,
метою, складнiстю, часом надання, за направленiстю щодо досягнення
цiлей. Визначено чинники й умови надання ефективного зворотного
зв’язку. Позначено проблеми, якi можуть заважати ефективностi
управлiння вчителем фiдбеком в освiтньому процесi.

Self-efficacy of the individual: a psychological discourse

2023-05-28T20:32:09+03:00

The article is devoted to the problem of self-efficacy, which is
particularly acute in our country today. The importance of its research in
both theoretical and practical-pragmatic aspects is indicated. An attempt
was made to analyze traditional approaches to the problem in both domestic
and foreign psychology. A theoretical overview of some traditional and
modern concepts of self-efficacy is presented, and various definitive positions
regarding the psychological content of the concept are considered. It was
found that self-efficacy is a repeatedly verified experience of productive
self-realization; a unique and generalized quality in which various mental
elements are integrated, including motivation, cognitive components, a
sense of confidence, attitude to success, etc. Self-efficacy is considered
as a process and a result of self-creation of a person, an indicator of a
person’s psychological maturity and competence. The connection of selfefficacy with the concept of “I”, values, meanings, abilities and strategies of
proactive behavior is emphasized. The role of self-efficacy in the structure
of stress resistance is emphasized. Prospects for further scientific research
are outlined. It is noted about the need to create a coherent theoretical
model of the study of the phenomenon in the personal paradigm.

Turning to the causes

2023-05-28T20:48:21+03:00

Neither classical philosophy nor modern physics has yet
provided a convincing answer to the question of the origins of being.
The author believes that this state is caused, on the one hand, by an
excessive preoccupation with expensive empirical research and, on the
other hand, by an excessive preoccupation with sometimes too abstruse
mathematical constructs at the expense of a simple but careful analysis of
possible mechanisms underlying the root cases of existence

Теоретичнi засади особистiсного саморозвитку як психологiчного феномена

2023-05-28T21:20:29+03:00

Стаття присвячена теоретичному аналiзу проблеми
саморозвитку особистостi як психологiчному феномену. Представлено
теоретично-методологiчний огляд основних наукових пiдходiв
до розгляду категорiї «саморозвиток особистостi». Здiйснено
порiвняльний аналiз запропонованих дефiнiцiй понять «розвиток» i
«саморозвиток». Визначено специфiку саморозвитку особистостi як
суб’єкта усвiдомленого, цiлеспрямованого та самокерованого процесу
життєдiяльностi людини на основi здатностi до життєтворчостi.
Розглянуто структурно-динамiчнi змiстовi сутнiснi характеристики
саморозвитку особистостi (компоненти, складники, механiзми,
умови). Констатовано, що саморозвиток особистостi обумовлюється
психологiчними умовами, а фактором, що сприяє йому, виступають
психологiчнi ресурси особистостi. Установлено, що саморозвиток як
самозмiна суб’єкта в напряму свого «Я-iдеального», яке виникає
пiд впливом внутрiшнiх i зовнiшнiх причин, породжує суперечнiсть
мiж «Я-реальним» i «Я-iдеальним», вирiшення якої i є особистiсним
процесом.

Psychological aspects of moral development of teenagers (on the example of studying Harper Lee’s novel “To Kill a Mockingbird”)

2023-05-28T21:32:49+03:00

The article is devoted to the problem of moral development of
modern teenagers by means of school education. The essential dimensions
of the moral development of the individual are analyzed, the development
of the moral consciousness of modern teenagers as an effect of the
socialization of the individual is outlined. The results of measuring the value
orientations of teenagers using the method of M. Rokych are presented.
Special attention is paid to the development potential of foreign literature.
The author examines in detail the educational and developmental resource
of Harper Lee’s novel “To Kill a Mockingbird” in the formation of the
moral consciousness of the personality of older teenagers. The possibilities
of this novel in the development of tolerance and sense of justice among
teenagers have been revealed.

Gender features of the midlife crisis

2023-05-28T21:52:44+03:00

This article analyzes the general features of the midlife crisis.
Among the main regularities of the course of the mid-life crisis, the
following were identified: reassessment of the life plan; search for new
meanings; determination of goals and ways to achieve them, in accordance
with updated life priorities. An attempt was made to identify gender
differences in experiencing a crisis at the age of 35–48. With the help of
the «Sense-Life Orientations Test» — (J. Krambo and L. Maholika adapted
by D. A. Leontiev) method, the features of the sense-life orientations of
middle-aged men and women were determined.

Predictors of the development of communicative behavior of schoolchildren adolescence

2023-05-28T22:08:05+03:00

The article is devoted to the analysis of the comprehensive
problem of the development of communicative behavior of schoolchildren
of adolescent and youth age. The characteristics of the sociolect of
modern youth are considered. The scientific argumentation of the necessary
polymodality of the study of sociocultural predictors of the development
of communicative strategies of the behavior of adolescents and youth in
the dialogic educational space is presented. The results of the empirical
measurement of the communication direction of teenagers and young men
are presented. It was established that the orientation of schoolchildren
in the period of adulthood in the coordinates “I — Other” has a mainly
monologic vector. It has been statistically confirmed that the differences
in the detection of personality orientation in communication between
schoolchildren studying in secondary education institutions of different
types are statistically insignificant, these characteristics in the compared
groups differ only quantitatively. It is emphasized that the results of
the empirical study indicate the insufficiency of purposeful influence
in educational institutions regarding the development of a variable
communicative dialogic culture of schoolchildren and a dialogic model
of professional interaction in the “Teacher — Student” system without
disturbing the professional-communicative balance. It is noted that the
introduction of a dialogue system in education is an essential factor in the
development of the personal potential of each participant in the educational
process.

Peculiarities of educational motivation of students in conditions of increasing the share of distance learning as part of combined

2023-05-28T22:22:40+03:00

Стаття присвячена проблемi навчальної мотивацiї
студентiв, що визнається науковцями як одна з прiоритетних в умовах
сучасних трансформацiй української освiти. На основi теоретичного
аналiзу окреслено специфiку комбiнованого навчання як форми
органiзацiї освiтнього процесу — одного з провiдних чинникiв
навчальної мотивацiї. Особливу увагу було придiлено розгляду
впливу на мотивацiю студентiв збiльшення частки дистанцiйних форм
навчання у складi комбiнованого. Здiйснено перевiрку гiпотези щодо
змiни мотивацiї до навчання через збiльшення дистанцiйних форм в
освiтньому процесi. Представлено результати дiагностики особливостей
навчальної мотивацiї студентiв Криворiзького педагогiчного
унiверситету, а також результати порiвняльного аналiзу отриманих
даних iз результатами аналогiчних дослiджень мотивацiї навчальної
дiяльностi студентiв iнших закладiв вищої освiти України в перiод до
iнтенсифiкацiї впровадження дистанцiйних форм навчання. Визначено
особливостi iєрархiї мотивiв у дослiджуваних групах, специфiку
провiдних мотивiв до навчання, мiсце пiзнавальних i професiйних
мотивiв, якi можна розглядати як позитивний фактор професiйного
становлення здобувачiв освiти. Окреслено перспективи подальших
наукових пошукiв.

Development of a professional orientation educational event on the topic “The world of professions in historical retrospective”

2023-05-29T12:08:57+03:00

The article presents practical aspects in career guidance work.
The highlighted materials will be useful for teachers working with high
school students. Practical recommendations are provided for covering the
topic of career guidance in terms of interdisciplinary connection with history
and psychology. The practical aspect of the development of schoolchildren’s
critical thinking through the format of group work is outlined. Techniques
for working with spatial thinking and the skills of analyzing historical
events are provided. The connection between various professions and the
change of historical events in the process of building human society is
presented. The idea of career guidance work in the format of practical
development of an educational event for high school students is revealed

Features of diagnostics and psychological assistance for children, who are experiencing depression

2023-05-29T12:19:20+03:00

Стаття присвячена аналiзу депресивних розладiв у
дитячому вiцi. Констатовано, що депресивнi розлади передаються
генетично, набуваються в конфлiктних сiм’ях, формуються пiсля
переживання дитиною травматичної ситуацiї. З метою висвiтлення
важливих аспектiв виникнення, дiагностики та профiлактики
депресивних розладiв використанi такi методи дослiдження:
теоретичний аналiз наукових джерел, спостереження за пацiєнтами,
бесiда з дiтьми, якi переживають депресiю, у процесi iндивiдуального
консультування. З огляду на теоретичний аналiз та емпiричний досвiд
iндивiдуального консультування дiтей, якi пережили депресiю, у статтi
виокремлено особливостi дiагностики депресiї, засоби профiлактики та
психолого-фармакологiчних iнтервенцiй. Доведено, що для вчасного
надання дитинi допомоги лiкарi, психологи первинної ланки повиннi
вмiти дiагностувати симптоми депресiї, вiдрiзняти їх вiд соматичних
захворювань, вiд манiї та поведiнкових розладiв

Conceptual approaches to the study of mechanisms and factors the destructive influence of social networks on the emotional sphere of the personality

2023-05-29T11:44:39+03:00

Factors of influence of social networks on the emotional
sphere of the personality are summarized: development of information
and communication technologies; low level of critical thinking; active
use of manipulatives technologies (NLP tools, infection, persuasion, selfpromotion); uncontrolled presence in social networks, enhanced by extended
distance learning. A list of factors that increase the destructive influence
is given: fabrication, distortion of facts, lies, fakes, clickbait, manipulative
semantics and rhetoric; sensationalism of events. The results of a survey
on the emotional direction of users by social networks are presented, the
purpose of the stay, the content of the materials that are used.

Psychological characteristics of intergenerational between generations among families

2023-05-29T11:58:57+03:00

The article comprehensively considers the problems of
interaction between generations in the family. The author emphasizes
that it is especially important today to create conditions for the
intergenerational transmission of culture, which would include the flow
of information not only from the older generation to the younger, but
also back, since the youth’s interpretation of the current situation and
cultural heritage undoubtedly affects the older generation. The concept of
succession of generations is defined, an analysis of psychological studies of
relations between generations is given, personal factors, family relations
and education between and within generations are characterized.